Kata Focus - Tensho

Tensho was developed by Chojun Miyagi, from the kata Sanchin, as a softer version of the Kata.

Miyagi borrowed techniques from older Chinese training exercise called Rokkishu. Because of this, Sanchin is considered the “Go” (hard) core Kata of Goju and Tensho is considered the “Ju” (soft) core Kata of Goju. 

The meaning of the Kata’s name (Rotating Palms) come from its contrast to Sanchin. Where Sanchin mostly uses straight direct techniques, Tensho is more flowing with rounded, open handed techniques. 

Many of the things gained from practice of this Kata are the same as Sanchin: core strength, power generation, correct posture, stability, correct breathing and timing but Tensho also involves more flowing complex techniques, better understanding of muscle control between relaxed and tensed, higher dexterity and better understanding of Kihon.

This Kata requires better understanding of your own body than Sanchin does.

Tensho is trickier than it first appears, as there is much more to it than moving your arms around. It employs tension and relaxation at the same time. It is important to understand your body enough to know what should be tensed and relaxed and when.

Comment below to share any thoughts or opinions you might have.  :)

Thanks for reading.
Derm

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Apparent Contradictions

Sometimes Budoka are frustrated, even confused, by the journey. 
There seems to be contradictions in their learning and training:


Sharp with snap... but flowing.

Be mindful... but seeking Mushin (no mind).

Powerful... but relaxed.

Blindingly fast... but slow and controlled.

Analyse... but don't over-think.

Expend less energy... but move and execute with everything you've got.

Don't exaggerate moves... but don't shortcut techniques.

Aim to always perfect... but be patient, understand it won't be perfect right now.

Be strong like a rock... but be like water.

Train more... but don't over train yourself.

Do what Sensei said... but don't just blindly follow.

Eliminate extra moves... but use your whole body.

In fact, these aren't contradictions. They are opposite sides of the same coin.

Each of the above need their opposites.

Why is it an art form and not just an activity (like sport, competition or form of exercise)?
Why does it take decades of dedication to master?
It’s more complex than you might think and takes a lot to master!

It's about finding balance between opposing forces or concepts.

Comment below to share any thoughts or opinions you might have.  :)

Thanks for reading.
Derm

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The 3 Pillars of Budo – SHIN-GI-TAI

The Kata Sanchin translates as 'three battles'. Generally, the interpretation of the name is given to be simply a description of the embusen of the Kata itself, as pretty much every version of Sanchin is in three sections.
Some believe that there is a deeper meaning to the 'three battles' beyond the physical Kata. It is possible that the intention behind the name is also referring to the three battles within every Budoka.
The three battles that we fight daily. We fight to be fit and strong, we fight to perfect our technique and we fight to be a better person with more discipline and learning.


Shin-Gi-Tai

There is a Japanese term for these three separate conflicts: "Shin-Gi-Tai".




A Budoka must put equal effort into each of these if they want to be a true martial artist. They are the foundation that hold up every aspect of Budo.
For this reason they are known as the "3 Pillars of Budo".

The following is a brief description of each 'pillar' and how it is involved within the context of Budo training.



SHIN

'Shin' is all the mental aspects of Budo training.
Among Budoka today 'Shin' has become quite a broad term, as it encompasses everything that isn't the actual physical side of Budo training.
This includes:

• Being mindful to develop good Zanshin,
• being analytical to develop understanding (and technique) and in turn lead to development of Mushin and a Wise/Calm spirit,
• incorporating Bushido (or similar moral teachings) to develop character and attitude, also leading to Wise/Calm spirit.

Being mindful is basically another way of saying "to be in the present moment", keeping your mind on the 'here and now'. This is important when training, because if you don't, you'll find yourself just going through the motions and not really learning or improving anything. Without focus on what you're doing; it's likely that you'll miss the point.
More important than simply paying attention is the mindset that we are developing by being mindful, 'Zanshin'.
Zanshin 残心 is the Japanese concept of calm awareness. The direct translation of the Kanji is "The Remaining Mind", my interpretation of this is 'the awareness that remains when you clear your mind of all distractions'. 
Zanshin is the natural state of being calm and alert to your surroundings at all times. It is a crucial part of a martial artists mindset. How are you able to defend yourself if you aren't even aware of the situation?

Being analytical is required for any real understanding, without understanding we are truly lost. As I said in my post 'knowledge understanding in Budo', Only you can understand the knowledge in your head, it is 100% internal. Nothing external can make your mind understand something; the whole process takes place internally, within your head.
We must think and analyse, only then will we find understanding. We will only ever be able to correct ourselves when we make analysis a habit.

The below flowchart shows the learnt information becoming knowledge, then understanding, then experience, then deeper understanding and then wisdom.

The key thing to notice is that each step requires analysis, you need to be thinking about the information to make it knowledge, you must be thinking about that knowledge if you want to understand it, and so on.
The other thing to notice is that you might understand something but to go beyond just understanding requires action.
It's acting on your understanding (with continued analysis) that becomes experience and the same thing later with wisdom.
Experience, understanding and wisdom allows us to have a calm spirit.
With a calm spirit we can develop 'Mushin'.

Mushin 無心 directly translates as 'No Mind'. This mindset is required for any good warrior. It is about being able to clear your mind, stay calm and have the control to purge fear, pride, ego or anger.
Mushin is about being able to empty the mind of conscious thought and allow the subconscious to take over, this is where the techniques practiced in training over and over come out and can be utilised.

A key part of 'Shin' (and an aspect of a mature Budoka) is morality and virtue. Someone trained in fighting techniques must temper their skill with being an honourable, good and just person. The Samurai code of Bushido is a good starting point but must be expanded upon and grown to be part of the individual's character. Incorporating this helps shape and polish the spirit. It's about becoming the best person you can be.

GI

'Gi' is what most easily identifies the style or the system. It starts from "how to make a fist" at the first class and never stops. It is everything that is involved with the actual training of techniques that make up the entire art form.

'Kihon' is the foundation of 'Gi', every simple basic technique (like a punch or a kick) is 'Kihon'. Most schools have a list of set kihon techniques for beginners, so they are easier to learn. Kihon isn't just for beginners, Budoka of all grades should practice the basic techniques.

The Kihon can be connected together and built up into more complex combinations, for both simple training and for practical use.
Through training with various combinations we develop timing and accuracy; these are both integral skills for the execution of effective and efficient Kihon techniques. 
Complex combinations are the constituents of the patterns that make up the real technical training exercises, 'Kata'.




'Kata' is the heart of 'Gi', and indeed the heart of Budo as a whole. Real Budo training involves kata. It has been said that Kata is like a book, the separate sections of the Kata are the chapters and individual techniques are the pages.
Each kata can potentially be a complete fighting system. If one studies the Kata hard and long enough, the true essence of true Budo will begin to reveal itself.

The practical applications behind the techniques in Kata is the 'Bunkai'. If you wish to be able to use the techniques that you practice over and over in the Kata, you must be proficient and practiced with the Bunkai. This gives meaning and purpose to the Kata.

It's the Bunkai that makes Kata deeper and more meaningful than just a dance routine.

Beyond the Bunkai is the 'art form', this is 'Gi' at it's highest, it is Budo's most noble aspect.
The art form is the reason why it's not easy, it's the reason why not everyone becomes a master at it. It's the reason why it's a life long pursuit.
It's the reason why people that only have a vague part-time interest fail to truly understand it's subtleties.

TAI

In Budo, 'Tai' includes all of the physical aspects of a Budoka's body that facilitate the use and execution of 'Gi'. This involves both the physical characteristics we have and the training we do to enhance them.

I have noticed that this pillar seems to be a source of contention among various Budoka, specifically regarding the amount of time and focus that should be put into it during training.

Some will say that developing the body in terms of strength, fitness and physical ability is the whole point of Budo training. They'll say that "it's not proper training if you're not getting the heart pumping, working up a sweat or getting to a point where you leave with aching muscles".
There are others that will say that the "fitness stuff" is only optional and doesn't really capture the essence of Budo training. These people believe that "it doesn't matter how strong you are, as long as the technique is correct." They'll say that Budo is all about skill and knowledge.
In reality it's both, Budo training isn't 'all' about fitness, but it's a big part of it. Making your techniques "technically correct" isn't enough. This is also about training the body to be stronger and more agile in order to generate more power and be more adept with the techniques, but if you spend all of your time in training just building strength then other important parts of training will be forgotten. Basically, it's an extremely important part of Budo, but it isn't 'everything'.

We develop 'Tai' during most of our training. In general Kata will help develop 'Shin', 'Gi' and 'Tai' at the same time.

While pretty much all training exercises will have aspects that help with physical development (some exercises are better for this than others), there are some exercises that are tailored solely for the development of 'Tai', traditionally Hojo Undo is used for this.
In my post about Physical Development in Budo I went into detail regarding Hojo Undo and the tools involved.

Training to increase correct strength is ultimately about control. The stronger you are, the more control you have over your body. With greater control your techniques will have the capacity for better speed and increased power generation.
With more control comes the capability for better accuracy, better accuracy has a direct positive influence on everything in 'Gi' and makes all Kihon more effective.
Better strength also provides control not just over your techniques, but the whole body, leading to better balance.

'Tai' isn't only about strength, in my post about Physical Development I said: Flexibility, in many ways, is the opposite of strength. Where strength is how well the muscles have the ability to contract and pull.
Flexibility is the how far the muscles and tendons can stretch contributing to the range of movement throughout the body in areas like the joints and through the hips, back and neck. Flexibility can be maintained through normal Kata and Kihon training, but a Budoka can improve the flexibility with regular stretching.
Flexibility is also a key aspect of 'Tai' contributing to range of movement and our ability to effectively execute the techniques.

**3 Pillars - An Obvious Metaphor**

Shin-Gi-Tai can be found in more than just Budo training. Within pretty much anything Shin-Gi-Tai exists. 

On this website it says:

Shin-Gi-Tai is the joining of mind, skill, and body to produce a complete person. These three human qualities parallel the essence of the heavens (represented by a person's mind), earth (an individual's skills) and man (the body). Eric Clapton playing solo "unplugged" has Shin-Gi-Tai. He sits and puts all of himself into each note, striking not only the guitar's strings but the "cords" in the audience's heart and bringing tears to their eyes.

You can look at anything that requires any sort of skill in terms of Shin-Gi-Tai, ranging from playing a musical instrument, to using a computer, to the use of language, even something as simple as walking, listening or reading.

Anything that requires us to do or know anything has Shin-Gi-Tai.

With this knowledge we can approach any task the same as our Budo training and find the way in everything we do!

Comment below to share any thoughts or opinions you might have.  :)

Thanks for reading.
Derm

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Kata Focus - Enpi

A poet, calligrapher and Chinese Sappushi (diplomat) named Wang Ji (Wanshu or Wansu in Okinawan) was a Chinese Boxing expert who served China in Okinawa during the 1680’s. 

He was based in Tomari Village and taught many people his fighting style there. It is said that much of his fighting style involved throwing and jumping on the opponents.

Some people even interpret the word ‘Wanshu’ to mean ‘dumping form’, this may just be a case of twisting fact to suit a hypothesis. 

It is unclear if the Kata that became known as Wanshu was created by himself or by his students as a way of remembering what he had taught after he left Okinawa.

What we do know is that two slightly different versions of the Kata emerged through history:

Matsumura Wanshu and Itosu Wanshu. 

It was Itosu’s version of the Kata that was taught to Gichin Funakoshi. It was Funakoshi that renamed the Kata to Enpi (or Empi), he renamed many Kata in order to make them sound more poetic and meaningful for the mainland Japanese.

The meaning of the name ‘Flying Swallow’ as given by Gichin Funakoshi in his book Karate-Do Kyohan states: “The distinctive motion of the Kata is an upper level attack following which one grasps the opponent and draws him inward, simultaneously jumping and attacking again. The movement resembles the up and down and flipping away flight of a swallow.”

Although Enpi exists within systems of Shuri origin and there are some Kata that bridge the gap between Shuri and Tomari, Enpi can be thought of as mainly a true Tomari-te Kata.

Shotokan

Shito Ryu

Isshin Ryu

Shorin Ryu

Comment below to share any thoughts or opinions you might have.  :)

Thanks for reading.
Derm

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Kata Focus - Taikyoku

The Taikyoku Kata are a series of training Kata devised by Gichin Funakoshi for beginners, to build up speed, power and accuracy.

These Kata are not practical or particularly effective to be used for as Bunkai, they are meant for Kihon training and building the strength of a beginner’s body. Some styles refer to these Kata as ‘Kihongata’.

The point of these Kata is to make all other Kata (and your Karate in general) faster, powerful and more effective. Many different Martial Arts styles have adopted these Kata, including some Goju styles and even Taekwondo, but Taikyoku is originally a Shotokan Kata.

 

There are many variations and differing versions of these Kata, using many varying Kihon. The thing that they all have in common is they have the same unique straightforward embusen. It's this that classifies them as 'Taikyoku'

 

Gichin Funakoshi originally came up with Taikyoku but the most commonly practiced versions we know today were standardised by Yoshitaka (Gigo) Funakoshi (Gichin Funakoshi‘s son). 

Gichin Funakoshi said that the meaning of the Kata’s name, First Cause, means: “In Karate, there is no advantage in the first attack”.
While Funakoshi named these Kata ‘Taikyoku’, the original translation for the Kanji 太極 is ‘Taiji’ (Tai Chi in Chinese).

Shotokan

Also Shotokan

Goju Variation

Shito-Ryu

Comment below to share any thoughts or opinions you might have.  :)

Thanks for reading.
Derm

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Elasticity over Rigidity

Over the many years of training, we aim to develop strength in our technique and stances. We want to make them strong enough to overcome any force they might encounter.

For defensive techniques we need to be strong enough to withstand or redirect any attack. Offensive techniques need to be strong enough to break, damage, control or subdue any part of the opponent. Our stances need to be strong enough keep us standing, stances also help us use and execute the other techniques.

We train for years with the goal to make our body strong, and for it to be strong enough to overcome any force it needs be solid like a rock… right?

Wrong!

Lets look at one stance as an example 'Sanchin Dachi'.


Chojun Miyagi testing a student's Sanchin Dachi...
or maybe starting a conga line... either one is good.

You're at training, standing in Sanchin Dachi and Sensei is testing everyone's stances (we've all been there).
As you stand there, you hear Sensei getting closer you tense every muscle as hard as you can, in effect trying to be like a rock - making the muscles as hard as diamonds. The hope being that when Sensei pushes you; you are the complete embodiment of the concept of the 'immovable object'!
What ends up happening is Sensei pushes you from behind and in spite of how tight your muscles are, you feel your toes digging into the floor but it's not enough, you fall forward.
The conclusion you come to is that you didn't do it strong enough, your stance must need more work, you need to make your legs and core stronger.... 
But is that what went wrong?
For many people (especially in the early years of training) this might be true, you might need to work on leg and core strength, but it's not always what went wrong.

Some Budoka have perfectly adequate strength, but it's something else that they doing that fails to provide the stability.
The mistake is in trying to be completely solid. Being totally solid and rigid means there's no give.

A diamond is crazy solid and rigid, it has no give. So what happens when enough force is applied?

That poor diamond  :(

The same is what happened to your Sanchin Dachi when Sensei pushed you, everything is crazy rigid and strong until a certain point as there's no give. Your whole body is already so tense that the only place that tried to absorb the energy was in your toes, just your toes, when you have your whole body to use you try to absorb all the force right at the end in the very tips of your feet.

The trick is to make your muscles tight and strong but pliable, so that you're able to distribute the force all over, so the bigger muscles can help absorb the energy too.

The easiest way to test this is to stand on a Bus or Train without holding onto anything, you will soon be able to tell that being completely rigid doesn't really help you stay stable. It's more about being mostly tense but still pliable, strong but with a little bit of movement.

I like to think of it being less like rock and more like the rubber they make car tyres with... or hockey pucks ;)

That rubber is quite stiff but absorbs impacts really well.

This doesn't just apply to Sanchin Dachi or even stances. This attitude can be applied to all techniques.

When thinking about the use of muscles and strength, always remember the concept of Elasticity over Rigidity.
Being completely solid will, at best fail as a technique, and at worst lead to your serious injury.

Be more like a hockey puck and less like a diamond.



Comment below to share any thoughts or opinions you might have.  :)

Thanks for reading.
Derm

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Kata Focus - Sanchin

Sanchin is an older Kata originally from Chinese Kung fu. Its exact origins are unclear (as are the origins of many Kata), but it can be found in Fujian White Crane, Five Ancestors and Tiger-Crane styles of Chinese Kung fu. 

A large majority of Karate styles today have adopted Sanchin, including: Goju-Ryu, Shito-Ryu, Isshin-Ryu, Kyokushin and Uechi-Ryu. 

It is a core Kata in many martial systems (irrespective of the system being Chinese, Japanese or Okinawan) due to its simplicity but important lessons including: core strength, power generation, correct posture, stability, correct breathing, timing with breathing and technique, correct use of basic Kihon techniques.

Sanchin is an excellent Kata for beginners, intermediate and advanced Karateka. 

The Meaning of the Kata’s name, Three Battles, has a couple of interpretations. The most obvious is that most techniques are done in groups of three and most versions of the Kata are in three sections, to the front, to the back and to the front again. Another interpretation is that the ‘three battles’ refers to the battles of mind, skill and body, the idea being that all three are worked on at once during this Kata. While it is technically true to say that the mind, skill and body should all be factors in any Kata and all Budo training, the theory is that the concept of developing all three at once originated with Sanchin.

Kanryo Higashionna is thought to have introduced Sanchin to Okinawa after returning from the Fujian province of China where he learned from Ru Ru Ko among others.

Sanchin Comparison 

Two Chinese versions, Uechi-Ryu & Goju-Ryu.

Kyokushin Sanchin

Shito-Ryu Sanchin

Isshin-Ryu Sanchin

Comment below to share any thoughts or opinions you might have.  :)

Thanks for reading.
Derm

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15 More Budo Terms Clarified

A few months ago I posted 15 Budo Terms Clarified. In an attempt to clear up some misunderstandings of some common terms used in Budo.

This post is a continuation of that:
15 More Budo Terms Clarified!

I love a good sequel!



Bugei - Made up of two characters 'Bu' 武 and 'Gei' 芸.
In my previous post I said:
"Jutsu means Technique, Art form or skill. This means the direct translation for 'Bujutsu' in English is 'Martial Arts'." This is only half true (apologies). Jutsu does mean Technique, Art form or skill, but it's not accurate to say 'Bujutsu' means 'Martial arts'. Technically 'Arts' is better translated as 'Gei' 芸.
So 'Bujutsu' means 'Martial Skill' and 'Bugei' means 'Martial Arts'.



Bunkai - Made up of two characters 分解 that translate as 'Disassembly'.
Bunkai is the breakdown of the sections of a Kata and the analysis of those sections to find practical purpose of the techniques. While some Bunkai seem clear and others more difficult to work out, a simple rule should be remembered "If it works, it's Bunkai".



Taira Shinken & Kenwa Mabuni.
Kata is the core of Ryukyu Budo and
Bunkai is the purpose of Kata.



Bunbu Ryodo - Made up of four characters: 'Bun' 文 meaning 'Writings', 'Bu' 武 meaning 'Martial', 'Ryo' 両 meaning 'Both' and 'Do' 道 meaning 'Path' or 'the Way'.
All together 文武両道 directly means 'The ways of both Martial and Writing' but a more popular translation being 'The way of the Sword and Pen'.

Miyamoto Musashi referred to this as 'the two-fold path' and said this is the true way of the Warrior, meaning that a warrior must be both skilled in the way of the sword and writing. A logical extension of this is not just about swords and writing, but more general being 'martial skill' and 'mindfulness'. Emphasising the point that a Warrior isn't just skilled and strong, but also smart and knowledgeable.



Shuhari - This is the term used in Japan to describe the stages involved in the process of learning, from beginner to master.
Made up of three characters 'Shu' 守 meaning 'Follow', 'Ha' 破 meaning 'Digress', 'Ri' 離 meaning 'Transcend'.
Another way of saying it is "Follow the rules, Break the rules, Make the rules"

As a beginner we must 'follow the rules' in order to learn what is involved.
When we're at an intermediate level we must 'break the rules' by questioning them and seeking to understand the reasons for them. 
For a master, the rules are too restrictive and limiting. Masters are beyond the rules and therefore they don't apply, so a master 'makes their own rules'.



Jutsu - I did already define this in my previous post (as part of the definition of Bujutsu) and again above: "Jutsu 術 means Technique, Art form or skill."
I have included it here to emphasise the next definition.



Jitsu - Made up of one character 実 which translates as 'fruit', 'seed', 'reality', 'kindness' or 'faith'. 'Jitsu' is not the same thing as 'Jutsu', they aren't interchangeable.

It's commonly used spelling is in the name in 'Brazilian Jiu Jitsu', but can be found in other places too. It's simply a mispronunciation of the word, which resulted in the misspelling when written in Romaji. The thing that adds to the confusion is that 'Jitsu' is an actual Japanese word, it's just used incorrectly.

It can be argued that BJJ is a 'Brazilian' martial art and not Japanese, so they can spell how they like, which is fair enough. Having said this, it is definitely incorrect to use this when referring to Japanese (or Okinawan) Budo.



Uke - The name used for many defensive techniques. 'Uke' does not mean to 'Block', this is an incorrect translation and shows a lack of understanding regarding the use of those techniques.
Made up of two characters 受け 'Uke' means 'to receive'. To receive the incoming attack and control it, not to 'stop'.




Kime - Made up of two characters 決め directly meaning 'to decide'. Kime is the key to real power generation, but Kime isn't the actual generation of power.  Jesse Enkamp explains that Kime means "...to fix, or set. As in fixing, or setting, a date."
It is the skill and strength required to add the sudden stop in the technique.
It's a difficult thing to accurately describe and a tricky thing to master (which is why there's so much vague info about it that doesn't really describe it very well).



Kamae - There is quite often confusion between 'Kime' and 'Kamae'.
Made up of two characters 構え, Kamae translates as 'stance', 'posture' or 'base'. In general terms it refers to the body's position. In more specific Budo terms it is about being in a set ready position, both in body and mind. When in 'Kamae', you are not only in a ready stance/position but also with a ready mindset and a serious attitude.  



Embusen - The direct translation of the Kanji 演武線 being 'demonstration line'. It is the path the Kata floor pattern.
The thing to remember with the Embusen is that it doesn't determine the Bunkai of the techniques within the Kata. Chojun Miyagi is thought to have coined the term “Don't be fooled by the rule of embusen”.

The Tango Embusen

Bujin - Made up of two characters: 'Bu' 武 meaning 'Martial' and 'Jin' 人 meaning 'Man' or 'person'.
A 'Martial Person' is basically the definition of the word 'warrior'. 
Bujin is the closest translation of 'warrior' in Japanese.



Rei - Often misunderstood as being an order to 'bow' or to 'show respect'. 'Rei' is more accurately defined as the deeply personal motivations that lead to respect. It's about being humble and having gratitude (click here for more info regarding Rei).

Osu - A word that originated within the Kyokushin Karate style but has become popular throughout the martial arts world. There is debate regarding the origins and meaning. It is thought it could be a shortened version of the greeting 'Ohayo gozaimasu' or a shortened version of the term 'Onegaishimasu'.
The most accepted theory within Kyokushin is that it is a conjunction of the words 押し 'Oshi' meaning 'Push' and 忍ぶ Shinobu meaning 'to Endure'.

What is known is that it didn't originate in Okinawa; it is definitely Japanese and it is also very improper in many social situations.
If you're ever in Okinawa, make sure that you are careful not to say it to anyone older than you, children and anyone female. If you're in an Okinawan Dojo, it's best to not say it at all.



Mokuso - Made up of two characters 'Moku' 黙 meaning 'Silence' and 'So' 想 meaning 'Contemplation'.
This word does not mean "close your eyes" (as many in the western world seem to believe). It's clear from the translation of the Kanji; "Silent Contemplation" means to 'meditate'.



'The Way' - In my previous post I defined 'Do' 道 as the Road, Path or Way. It refers to the journey of the individual (In this case, within Martial Arts).

'The Way' is the metaphoric path you take on the journey as a Budoka. There is no destination but the whole point of being a true Budoka is finding the way. Not only do we need to "Find the way" but we need to "Find our own way".

This raises the question "What exactly is the Way?"... You can't follow the way if you don't know what it is.
The answer appears to be quite esoteric and/or open to interpretation, but the way is a specific thing and must be found/understood by any serious Budoka. Once understanding what it is, effort must be put into following it.

Yes, I am being intentionally vague with the definition of the 'The Way'; because it is important for you to seek to understand it yourself.



Comment below to share any thoughts or opinions you might have.  :)

Thanks for reading.
Derm

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Budo or Sport

A Picture is worth 1000 words...

 

Budo

 

 

Sport

 

 

Budo

 

 

Sport

 

 

Budo

 

 

Sport

 

 

 

 

Budo 

 

 

 

 

...shoulder pads? 

 

 

Budo

 

 

 

 

Shouty Gymnastics?

 

 

 

 

Budo

 

 

Sport

 

Budo

 

 

 

Glorified Violence

(So totally not Budo)



 

Thanks for reading.
Derm

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